BRU /qualifier(s) source target The BRU command invokes the BRU system utility program to provide functions that allow you to back up and restore Files-11 volumes. It transfers files from a volume to a backup volume (or volumes) to ensure that copies of the files are available in case the original files are destroyed. If the original files are destroyed, or if for any other reason the copies need to be retrieved, you can restore the backed up files with this command. Both source and target fields can specify disk or tape units, but at least one of these must be a disk. The source field may optionally include from 1 to 16 file specifications, which are used to select which files are to be transferred. DCL users access BRU through the DCL BACKUP command. See HELP BRU QUALIFIERS for a list of the available qualifiers. See HELP BRU EXAMPLES for some command examples. 2 APPEND BRU>/APPEND source target The /APPEND qualifier appends a backup set from the input disk volume to the last backup set on the output tape. If the output tape was positioned at the beginning, /APPEND causes a skip to the logical end-of-tape before writing the new backup set. The output volume is searched for the last logical end-of-file. If the output tape is already positioned at logical end-of-tape, /APPEND causes BRU to start writing where the tape is currently positioned. If the output tape is not positioned at the beginning or at logical end-of-tape, /APPEND/REWIND will rewind the tape and then space forward until the logical end-of-tape. If the tape is a continuation tape (that is, not the first tape of a tape set) or if the last backup set does not end on the tape, an error message is displayed. 2 BACKUP_SET BRU>/BACKUP_SET:name source target The /BACKUP_SET qualifier allows you to specify the name of the backup set to be placed on the tape. The default is the volume name of the disk being backed up. This name may be up to 12(10) characters long. When applied to an output tape volume, the backup set name assigns the name of the backup set being placed on the volume. Multiple backup sets may be placed on a single volume. When applied to an input tape volume, the first tape is searched for the specified backup set name. If you specify no backup set name with the input volume, the first backup set on the tape is restored. Several sequential backup sets from the same tape can be restored without having to rewind the tape between operations. The first tape in the backup set is not rewound unless you specify /REWIND. 2 BAD BRU>/INITIALIZE/BAD:[AUTOMATIC] source target MANUAL OVERRIDE The /BAD qualifier is used with the /INITIALIZE qualifier during tape-to-disk or disk-to-disk operations. /BAD creates the file BADBLK.SYS on the output disk. For last-track devices, AUTOMATIC causes the manufacturer's bad block information and the software detected bad sector file to be used to create BADBLK.SYS. For nonlast-track devices, the software bad block descriptor block is used to create BADBLK.SYS. AUTOMATIC is the default option. OVERRIDE applies only to last-track devices, causing the last-track device to appear to be a nonlast-track device. When OVERRIDE is speci- fied, BRU uses the software bad block descriptor block to create BADBLK.SYS and ignores the manufacturer-written information. MANUAL accepts the addresses of bad blocks entered interactively from the terminal. MANUAL also requests BRU to use either the manufacturer-written bad block information and the software-detected bad sector file (for last-track devices) or the bad block descriptor block (for nonlast-track devices) to create BADBLK.SYS. 2 BUFFERS BRU>/INITIALIZE/BUFFERS:number source target The /BUFFERS qualifier specifies the default number of directory File Control Blocks (FCBs) on each volume. The FCBs are stored in memory by the ACP when the volume is mounted. The more FCBs there are stored in memory, the faster that files contained in heavily used directories are found. The default number of buffers is the same as for the input disk. The /BUFFERS qualifier is used with the /INITIALIZE qualifier during tape-to-disk or disk-to-disk operations. 2 COMPARE BRU>/COMPARE source target The /COMPARE qualifier compares the data on the output device with the data on the input device and reports any differences. No data transfer takes place during a compare operation. The command line specifying the compare operation must be identical to that entered when the data on the output volume was created, with the exception of the /INITIALIZE, /NOINITIALIZE, and /APPEND qualifiers. 2 CREATED BRU>/CREATED:BEFORE:(dd-mmm-yy hh:mm:ss) source target BEFORE:dd-mmm-yy BEFORE:hh:mm:ss AFTER:(dd-mmm-yy hh:mm:ss) AFTER:dd-mmm-yy AFTER:hh:mm:ss The /CREATED qualifier allows you to select for backup or restore files created before or after the specified date and/or time. If you use the BEFORE option, BRU copies any files created before the specified date and/or time. If you use the AFTER option, BRU copies any files created on or after the specified date and/or at or after the specified time. If you specify both a date and time, the date and time must be enclosed in parentheses. If you specify only a date or only a time, the paren- theses are not necessary. If you specify only a time, the current date is used. If you specify only a date, the time defaults to 00:00. 2 DENSITY BRU>/DENSITY:number source target The /DENSITY qualifier specifies the density at which a magnetic tape is to be written. The following values are legal: Drive Default Density Optional Density TU10/TE10 800 NONE TU16/TE16 800 1600 TU45 800 1600 TU77 800 1600 TS11 1600 NONE TU78 6250 1600 If you specify /DENSITY with /APPEND, you must specify the density at which the existing tape data was written. If you specify a density other than the original density, a warning message will be displayed and processing will continue at the correct density. If you specify an incorrect density for a restore operation, an error message is displayed and the operation is terminated. 2 DIRECTORY BRU>/DIRECTORY source BRU>/BACKUP_SET:name/DIRECTORY source The /DIRECTORY qualifier lists the backup set names or files on the specified tape volume. In a multivolume tape set, the directory is on the first tape of the set. When specified with no backup set name, /DIRECTORY lists all the backup sets on the volume. When used with the /BACKUP_SET qualifier, /DIRECTORY lists the files in the specified backup set. If the backup set is not on the tape, an error message is displayed and the operation is terminated. 2 DISPLAY BRU>/DISPLAY source target The /DISPLAY qualifier prints the file name and UFD of each file as the header for that file is being transferred. 2 ERRORS BRU>/ERRORS:number The /ERRORS qualifier requests termination of a restore operation after the specified number of nonfatal tape read errors have occurred. The range for number is 0 to 65535. The default is /ERRORS:25. 2 EXAMPLES Example of a complete disk copy to a 1600 bpi tape: BRU>/DENSITY:1600 DB2: MM0: Example of a copy from tape to disk, initializing the disk and using prompting: BRU>/DENSITY:1600 FROM: MM1: TO: DK2: INITIALIZE THE OUTPUT DISK? YES Example of a disk-to-disk transfer from a mounted disk, initializing the output disk: BRU>/INITIALIZE/MOUNTED FROM: DB0: TO: DB3: 2 EXCLUDE BRU>/EXCLUDE ddnn:filespec(s) target The /EXCLUDE qualifier specifies that files matching the file specifi- cations in the command line be excluded from the backup or restore operation. 2 EXTEND BRU>/INITIALIZE/EXTEND:number source target The /EXTEND qualifier specifies the default number of blocks a file will be extended when that file has exhausted its allocated space. This value is used by an ACP when the volume is mounted. The /EXTEND qualifier is used with the /INITIALIZE qualifier during tape-to-disk or disk-to-disk operations. 2 HEADERS BRU>/INITIALIZE/HEADERS:number source target The /HEADERS qualifier specifies the number of file headers to allocate initially to the index file. The primary reason for preallocating file headers is to locate them near the storage bitmap file. Proper place- ment of file headers can help reduce head motion during I/O operations. The /HEADERS qualifier is used with the /INITIALIZE qualifier during tape-to-disk and disk-to-disk operations. 2 INITIALIZE #NOINITIALIZE 2 INVOLUME BRU>/INVOLUME:name source target The /INVOLUME qualifier specifies the volume label of the input disk. This name can be up to 12(10) characters long. For disk-to-tape or disk-to-disk operations, the volume label of the input volume is checked to verify that the disk has the correct label. This check ensures that you do not back up the wrong volume. For restore operations, BRU checks the volume label of the disk that is stored in the backup set on tape. 2 LENGTH BRU>/LENGTH:number source target The /LENGTH qualifier specifies the length of the output tape in deci- mal feet. If the length specified exceeds the length of the tape, the entire length of the output tape will be used. In cases where you know the end of the tape must not be used, you can specify a shorter length to ensure that you do not write on that part of the tape. 2 MAXIMUM BRU>/INITIALIZE/MAXIMUM:number source target The /MAXIMUM qualifier specifies the maximum number of files that can be placed on a volume, as determined by the number of file headers in the volume's index file. The default maximum is the maximum number of files on the input disk. 2 MOUNTED BRU>/MOUNTED source target The /MOUNTED qualifier allows you to back up files from a disk that is mounted as a Files-11 volume. Note that disk activity while the files are being backed up may cause undesirable results. 2 NEW_VERSION BRU>/NEW_VERSION source target The /NEW_VERSION qualifier resolves file specification conflicts that occur during restore operations when a file already exists on the output disk volume by creating a new version of the file. 2 NOINITIALIZE BRU>/INITIALIZE source target BRU>/NOINITIALIZE source target The /INITIALIZE qualifier specifies that you want to initialize the output disk during a tape-to-disk or disk-to-disk operation. Initia- lization places a Files-11 structure on the disk, including the boot block, the home block, and the required system files. Along with the /INITIALIZE qualifier, you can specify the following qualifier when you are initializing a disk: /BAD, /BUFFERS, /EXTEND, /HEADERS, /MAXIMUM, /NOPRESERVE, /OUTVOLUME, /POSITION, /PROTECTION, and /WINDOWS. If you do not specify any of these qualifiers, the characteristics of the input volume are used. /NOINITIALIZE specifies that you do not want to initialize the output disk because it is already in Files-11 format. The output disk must be mounted as a Files-11 volume. You cannot enter any of the initialization qualifiers when you specify /NOINITIALIZE. Doing so results in an error message. 2 NOPRESERVE BRU>/INITIALIZE/NOPRESERVE source target The /NOPRESERVE qualifier specifies that you do not want to preserve file-IDs. BRU suppresses the message about file-IDs not being preserved. Note that when restoring to a mounted disk, not preserving files-IDs is BRU's default action. When file-IDs are not preserved, new file-IDs are assigned and incremented sequentially. 2 NOSUPERSEDE #SUPERSEDE 2 OUTVOLUME BRU>/OUTVOLUME:name source target The /OUTVOLUME qualifier specifies the volume label of the output disk. This label can be up to 12(10) characters in length. For disk-to-tape backup operations, the name of the input disk volume stored on the output tape volume is changed to the name specified with the /OUTVOLUME qualifier. For tape-to-disk restore operations or for disk-to-disk transfers, the name of the output disk volume is changed to the name specified with the /OUTVOLUME qualifier. 2 POSITION BRU>/INITIALIZE/POSITION:BEGINNING source target MIDDLE END BLOCK:number The /POSITION qualifier specifies the location of the index file on the output disk volume being initialized, usually to minimize access time. The BEGINNING, MIDDLE, and END options specify the beginning, middle, and end of a volume. The BLOCK:number option specifies a block number where the index file is to be placed. The BEGINNING option is generally used only when a disk mostly contains large contiguous files. The default location is at the same location as that on the input disk. 2 PROTECTION BRU>/INITIALIZE/PROTECTION:SYSTEM:value source target OWNER:value GROUP:value WORLD:value The /PROTECTION qualifier specifies the default protection for all new files created on the disk after the BRU transfer has completed. Each access code consists of a positional keyword specifying the protection group (SYSTEM:, OWNER:, GROUP:, WORLD:) followed by a 4-code group specifying the protection, as follows: R - allow read access to file W - allow write access to file E - allow file to be extended D - allow file to be deleted If this qualifier is not specified, the defaults from the input disk are used. 2 QUALIFIERS The available qualifiers are: /APPEND /ERRORS:number /POSITION:BEGINNING /BACKUP_SET:name /EXCLUDE MIDDLE /BAD:[AUTOMATIC] /EXTEND:number END MANUAL /HEADERS:number BLOCK:number OVERRIDE /[NO]INITIALIZE /PROTECTION:group:value /BUFFERS:number /INVOLUME:name /REVISED:BEFORE:date/time /COMPARE /LENGTH:number AFTER:date/time /CREATED:BEFORE:date/time /MAXIMUM:number /REWIND AFTER:date/time /MOUNTED /SUPERSEDE /DENSITY:number /NEW_VERSION /TAPE_LABEL:name /DIRECTORY /NOPRESERVE /UFD /DISPLAY /NOSUPERSEDE /VERIFY /OUTVOLUME:name /WINDOWS:number Type HELP BRU "qualifier" for the description of a particular qualifier. 2 REVISED BRU>/REVISED:BEFORE:(dd-mmm-yy hh:mm:ss) source target BEFORE:dd-mmm-yy BEFORE:hh:mm:ss AFTER:(dd-mmm-yy hh:mm:ss) AFTER:dd-mmm-yy AFTER:hh:mm:ss The /REVISED qualifier allows you to back up or restore files revised before or after the specified date and time. If you use the BEFORE option, BRU copies any files revised on or before the specified date and/or time. If you use the AFTER option, BRU copies any files revised on or after the specified date and/or at or after the specified time. If you specify both a date and time, the date and time must be enclosed in parentheses. If you specify only a date or time, the parentheses are not necessary. If you specify only a time, BRU uses the current date as a default. If you specify only a date, the time defaults to 00:00. 2 REWIND BRU>/REWIND source target The /REWIND qualifier causes the first magnetic tape of a tape set to be rewound before BRU executes a backup or restore operation. When specified with an input tape, the first tape of the tape set is rewound before it is searched for a backup set. When specified with /APPEND, the input tape is rewound and then searched for the logical end-of-tape before BRU executes the backup operation. 2 SUPERSEDE BRU>/SUPERSEDE source target The /SUPERSEDE qualifier specifies that when file specifications on the output volume are identical to the file specifications on the input volume, the file on the output volume is deleted and replaced with the file from the input volume. The /NOSUPERSEDE qualifier specifies that when file specifications on the output volume are identical to file specifications on the input volume, the files on the input volume are not transferred (the files on the output volume are not superseded). /NOSUPERSEDE is the default. 2 TAPE_LABEL BRU>/TAPE_LABEL:label source target The /TAPE_LABEL qualifier specifies the 6-character volume identifier on the ANSI VOL1 label to be placed on the tape during a backup opera- tion or to be compared with the label on the tape for append and restore operations. This allows you to verify that you are using the correct tape. 2 UFD BRU>/NOINITIALIZE/UFD The /UFD qualifier creates UFDs (if they do not already exist) on a mounted output volume, then copy into it the files from the same UFD on the input volume. If /UFD is not specified, the files are not copied. /UFD is used only with /NOINITIALIZE. 2 VERIFY BRU>/VERIFY source target The /VERIFY qualifier copies data from the input volume, performs a a compare operation between the input volume and the output volume after the transfer, and reports any differences. 2 WINDOWS BRU>/INITIALIZE/WINDOWS:numbers source target The /WINDOWS qualifier specifies the default number of mapping pointers to be allocated for file windows when initializing an output disk. A file window consists of a number of pointers and is stored in memory when the file is opened. The default number of mapping pointers is the same as for the input disk.