.bp
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Appendix A

.ti 30
START - CLOSE SUMMARY

.ti 3
Power Up
	* put ENABLE/HALT switch to HALT
	* turn key to POWER
	* power on all peripherals
	* place the discs on the correct drives
	* put RUN/LOAD switches to RUN
	* BOOT
	  maths and commerce

	 1) Ensure the front panel lock is at POWER position.
	 2) Ensure ENABLE/HALT switch is at HALT.
	 3) Set switch register to 773100 octal.
	 4) Depress and release the LOAD ADDRESS switch.
	 5) Set switch register to 777406 octal.
	 6) Put ENABLE/HALT switch to ENABLE.
	 7) Depress and release the START switch.

	  library and C.S.U.

	 1) Ensure the front panel lock is at POWER position.
	 2) Ensure ENABLE/HALT switch is at halt.
	 3) Set switch register to 773110 octal.
	 4) Depress and release LOAD ADDRESS switch.
	 5) Put ENABLE/HALT switch to ENABLE.
	 6) Depress and release the START switch.

	  elec eng and mech eng

	 1) Ensure the front panel lock is at POWER position.
	 2) Ensure ENABLE/HALT switch is at halt.
	 3) Set switch register to 773100 octal.
	 4) Depress and release LOAD ADDRESS switch.
	 5) Put ENABLE/HALT switch to ENABLE.
	 6) Depress and release the START switch.

	* turn key to LOCK
	* startup dialogue and checks
	* login
	* normal commands may be entered

.ti 3
POWER DOWN

	* B and/or STOP
	* JA ???
	* consistency checks
	* system backup ??
	* CLOSEDOWN, wait for "finished"
	* Insert the 11/40 key in the lock
	* Turn the key to the POWER position
	* Press and release the WRITE PROTECT switch on discs
	* Put ENABLE/HALT switch to HALT
	* System backup ??
	* Put RUN/LOAD switches on all disc drives to LOAD
	* Power off all peripherals
	* Wait for the disc drives to allow you to open their doors
	* Remove discs to safe keeping
	* Remove the key to safe keeping
	* go home

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Appendix B

.ce
CHANGES TO LOCAL BATCH

.ti 3
This section details the changes made to BATCH since the last release.
They are not set out in any particular order.
.sp
.ti 3
Local user jobs have the facility to specify a time limit
for their duration.
It takes the form of a parameter "tnnn" after the job name
e.g.

	%fred,t100
	%macro
	...

.ti 3
The number given is the number of seconds (cpu) the job will run for
before the system aborts it.
The limit may go up to a maximum determined by the operator command

	entl nnn

.ti 3
The default maximum is 120 seconds, and if a limit is not given
on the job card, the default is 20 seconds.

.ti 3
Note that the time value is decimal.
.sp 2
.ti 3
Two local processes (which were never used anyway) have been dropped
(ccc, mid) and two have taken their place (shell, list).

.ti 3
The shell process (which currently is not implemented anyway) will
take a string of commands similar to that if a user at a terminal.
The list process will list a deck of cards, with each eor and eof
card implying a page skip.
.sp 2
.ti 3
When starting up batch, one may give various options
to control such things as limits within the system and processes
to be disabled.
This is all documented elsewhere.
.sp 2
.ti 3
The "cancel" command has been extended to have the ability to cancel
a local user job that appears to be in a loop.
.sp 2
.ti 3
The "count" command has been included (for some strange reason, this was
dropped after level 5 unix).
.sp 2
.ti 3
The "DQ" display now tells you all sorts of lovely information
about what batch is doing e.g. whether a process has been
disabled, what the last message from cyber was etc.
.sp 2
.ti 3
The "ear" process will pick up certain messages from export
and do certain things about it e.g. if the sequence "kronos
2.1...." is received, this is assumed to mean that export
has just been reinitialised, and so Batch will automatically
log on again.
.sp 2
.ti 3
certain processes such as submit, cyber jobs, local jobs
etc may be enabled and disabled at the whim of the powers
that be.
Now, you don't have to remove ".mac" to disable macro
jobs.
simply say "disable macro" or even "batch macro".
.sp 2
.ti 3
There are various limits within the system now to prevent
users from running away with themselves.
to be more specific; there are limits on:
	execution time for local jobs;
	number of cards in cyber card decks;
	number of lines in cyber submit files;
	number of sectors received from export;
	number of cyber jobs in the batch queues.

.ti 3
usually, if a jobs exceeds one of these limits, it is
aborted appropriately.
the exception is when a monstrous listing is received
from export (and users are always doing this; why they
can't send it to central site i don't know).
if a listing is received which exceeds the limit (set
by "enrl"), it gets sent back to cyber and placed in the
alternate print queue.
it will be marked on the "dq" display with a "+" sign,
and a message will appear at the time it is done.
the default limit is 100 sectors which is a fairly average
listing.
the limit may also be set at startup time by "batch rlnnn".
don't forget to increase the limit when printing the alternate
queue, or else batch will forever be sending the job back
to cyber ...
.sp 2
.ti 3
a job may be purged from a queue, or entire queues purged
by means of the "purge" command (described elsewhere).
.sp 2
.ti 3
Cyber commands that are liable to alter the batch queues
now do so e.g. if the command "d fr00abc" is entered to
purge job "fred" from the output queue, it will also be
dropped from the batch "at cyber" queue if it is there.
if the job is not in the batch queue, you will get a warning.
.sp 2
.ti 3
a couple of commands exist to allow you to see what is
going on.
they are "status" and "qlook".
they are really only useful when something odd is going
on, and they are documented elsewhere.
.sp 2
.ti 3
one fairly important change made is in the "shell" program
(the one that talks to your terminal; not the batch variety).
previous versions existed which would accept a comma as
a delimiter as well as a blank.
since some programs expect a comma as part of their
arguments, this "feature" has been dropped so to give
the export command "q,o" you type "q o".
.ti 3
.sp 2
specifying a '-' flag on "submit" will cause that job to be returned
to the user's login directory rather than being printed.
The user is advised by mail when this happens.
If the file cannot be returned, it will print instead.
this feature is useful if a user wants to intercept a listing when
it returns for later punching to paper tape, for example.
Note that the file is returned exactly as received from Cyber i.e.
it contains the banner page, dayfile and blank compression.
To expand the compressed blanks, the user must scan for an octal
byte of "377".
This is then followed by a byte count of the number of blanks to
insert.
Zeroes ('0') are also compressed, and these are represented by a byte
of 376 followed by a byte count.
.ti 3
.sp 2
batch assumes the existence of a file ".eilog" in the work directory
which contains the login command required by export.
it is a simple matter to edit this file to include a password, if wanted.
note that only one command is assumed in this file.
.ti 3
.sp 2
Certain commands that can cause destructive effects (such as "purge")
can only be run from the terminal that batch was started up from,
unless one is the super-user, in which case it can be run from any
terminal.
this makes the system reasonably cretin-proof.

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Appendix C

.ti 30
COMMAND SUMMARY

 A		rewind print file being received
 AUTOQ		continuous DQ
 B		logoff from CYBER
 BATCH		start batch system
 C		send suspended printout
 CANCEL CR	cancels the job being read on the reader
 CANCEL LP	cancels the batch job printing on the printer
 CANCEL MACRO	cancels the local user macro job
 CANCEL FTN	cancels the local user fortran job
 CANCEL SHELL	cancels the local user shell job
 COUNT		display the various error counts on the cyber line
 D		purges a job from a CYBER queue
 DATE		set UNIX date and time
 DCHECK		file system directory consistency check
 DISABLE	disable a Batch process
 DQ		display a Batch System queue display
 E LP		cancel job currently being received
 E CR		cancel job currently being sent
 ENABLE		enable a Batch process (undoes a DISABLE)
 ENCL		set card limit on card reader
 ENJL		set limit on number of cyber jobs in queues
 ENRL		set limit on size of job being received from cyber
 ENSL		set limit on number of lines in submit jobs
 ENTL		set limit on time a local job can use
 F ID		to print CYBER "ID" jobs
 F		print normal not "ID" files
 G		use unnecessary
 I		use unnecessary
 ICHECK		file system consistency check
 JA		print statistics
 L		login to CYBER. use unnecessary
 LOCAL		start batch system without JTD, SPL, EAR
 LPR		print a file
 M		send message to CYBER operator B display
 N		stops CYBER sending printout at job end
 O		place output job in some other queue
 P		adjust CYBER print queue priority
 PASSWD		set UNIX login password
 PRSTOP		delete a printout (same as "cancel lp")
 PURGE		purge a job from a queue, or purge entire queue
 PS		display processes
 Q B		display central site print queue
 Q I		display CYBER input queue
 Q O		display CYBER output queue
 Q R		display CYBER rollout queue
 Q E		display CYBER active queue
 Q N		display last job read CYBER name
 Q I A		total jobs in CYBER input queue
 Q O A		total jobs in CYBER output queue
 Q R A		total jobs in CYBER rollout queue
 QLOOK		decode the checkpoint file
 R		use unnecessary
 REPEAT		print the current job on printer all over again
 RESTART	restart the printout on the printer
 S		suspend printout being received
 STATUS		give some info about Batch
 STOP		stop batch system processes
 SUBMIT		submit a UNIX file to the Batch System input queue
 SYNC		update system superblock
 U		unload printout being received
 WHO		who is logged on

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Appendix D

.ti 30
PERIPHERAL CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE

.ti 3
As this is from version 1 of the manual, we will refer you
to the sheets on this subject distributed by the CSU and kept
in the back of the green folder distributed by the same people.
.ti 3
in future versions of the manual we hope to include details of cleaning
and peripheral care for the following devices.

	* card reader
	* line printer (both 400 and 600 lpm)
	* DEC TU-10 mag tape units
	* DEC RK-05 disc drives


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Appendix E

.ti 30
ERROR SUMMARY

.nf
.ss
*********   **********  *********    ********   *********   **********               ********   **          **
**********  **********  **********  **********  **********  **********              **********  **          **
**      **  **          **      **  **      **  **      **      **                  **      **  **          **
**      **  **          **      **  **      **  **      **      **                  **      **  **          **
**********  ******      **********  **      **  **********      **                  **      **  **          **
*********   ******      *********   **      **  *********       **                  **********  **          **
**   **     **          **          **      **  **   **         **                  **********  **          **
**    **    **          **          **      **  **    **        **                  **      **  **          **
**     **   **********  **          **********  **     **       **                  **      **  **********  **********
**      **  **********  **           ********   **      **      **                  **      **  **********  **********


**********  **      **  *       **  *       **  **********  **********   ********
**********  **      **  **      **  **      **  **********  **********  **********
**          **      **  ***     **  ***     **      **      **          **       *
**          **      **  ****    **  ****    **      **      **          **
******      **      **  ** **   **  ** **   **      **      ******      *********
******      **      **  **  **  **  **  **  **      **      ******       *********
**          **      **  **   ** **  **   ** **      **      **                  **
**          **      **  **    ****  **    ****      **      **          *       **     ***         ***         ***
**          **********  **     ***  **     ***  **********  **********  **********    *****       *****       *****
**           ********   **      **  **      **  **********  **********   ********      ***         ***         ***
.ds
.fi
.bp
.ss
.nf
BATCH -------------------------

.ni 10
.n2 1
batch: already active
batch: working directory unattainable
batch: can't access batch directory
batch: checkpoint error
batch: 'process' exec failed
batch: can't exec monitor
batch: .checkpoint can't open
batch: /dev/cyb.jobsu can't open
batch: /dev/cyb.jobsd can't open
batch: /dev/cyb.cmdsd can't open
batch: /dev/cr.batch can't open
batch: .rawstatistics can't open
batch: encoded-filename can't remove
.sp 2
.n2 1
batch is already running, and you can't start it twice.
batch cannot chdir to /spool/batch/.work. call a guru.
batch can't read the directory once it is there. call a guru.
batch tried to do a checkpoint but could'nt. call a guru.
in starting the rest of the system part of it (process) refused to start. call a guru.
in trying to start the overseeing process - trouble. call a guru.
batch wants to open the checkpoint file but can't. call a guru.
batch wants to talk to the cyber but can't. call a guru.
batch wants to listen to the cyber but can't. call a guru.
batch wants to listen to the cyber but can't. call a guru.
batch wants to listen to the card reader but can't. has someone else got it?
batch wants to use the stats file but can't. call a guru.
batch wants to clean up after a warm start - no can do.
.n2 0

CANCEL ------------------------

.n2 1
cancel: Not allowed
cancel: batch not active
cancel: usage: cancel [cr] [lp] [macro] [ftn] [shell]
cancel: can't exec 'prstop'
cancel: no macro process
cancel: no ftn process
cancel: no shell process
.sp 2
.n2 1
Can't use command from terminal other than one from which batch was started from.
batch must be active for this to work.
it even tells you how to use it !
"cancel lp" works via "prstop". call a guru.
you tried to cancel a local macro job, but there wasn't one.
as for macro
as for macro
.n2 0

COUNT -------------------------

.n2 1
count: nlist failed
count: can't open memory
.sp 2
.n2 1
couldn't access /unix.  call a guru.
couldn't access /dev/kmem.  call a guru.
.n2 0

CRD ---------------------------

.n2 1
crd: file create error
.sp 2
.n2 1
crd wishes to spool a job but can't get a file to put it in. call a guru.
.n2 0

DISABLE -----------------------

.n2 1
disable: Not allowed
disable: batch not active
disable: usage: disable [all] [cyber] [submit] [local] [macro] [ftn] [shell]
.sp 2
.n2 1
Can't use command from terminal other than one from which batch was started from.
batch must be active.
how to use it.
.n2 0

DQ ----------------------------

.n2 1
dq: checkpoint file ??
.sp 2
.n2 1
dq wants to look at the checkpoint file but can't. call a guru.
.n2 0

ENABLE ------------------------

.n2 1
enable: Not allowed
enable: batch not active
enable: usage: .....
.sp 2
.n2 1
as for "disable"
as for "disable"
as for "disable"
.n2 0

ENCL --------------------------

.n2 1
encl: Not allowed
encl: batch not active
encl: usage: en?? limit (where ?? is tl, cl, jl, rl, sl)
.sp 2
.n2 1
Can't use command from terminal other than one from which batch was started from.
obvious.
how to use it.
.n2 0

ENJL --------------------------

		as for "encl"

ENRL --------------------------

		as for "encl"

ENSL --------------------------

		as for "encl"

ENTL --------------------------

		as for "encl"

FTN ---------------------------

.n2 1
ftn: /bin/fortran can't exec
ftn: /bin/link can't exec
ftn: can't exec output of link
.sp 2
.n2 1
fortran compiler has disappeared.  call a guru.
fortran linker has likewise.  call a guru.
the linked program won't run.  call a guru.
.n2 0

JTD ---------------------------

.n2 1
jtd: file open error
.sp 2
.n2 1
jtd wishes to send a spooled file to the cyber but can't. call a guru.
.n2 0

LIST --------------------------

.n2 1
list: no program file
list: no data file
.sp 2
.n2 1
a work file has disappeared.  call a guru.
ditto.
.n2 0

LOGON -------------------------

.n2 1
logon: can't open log file
logon: can't read log file
logon: can't open cyber line
.sp 2
.n2 1
can't open the file ".eilog" containing the login sequence.  call a guru.
can't read same file.  call a guru.
can't talk to the cyber for some odd reason.  call a guru.
.n2 0

MAC ---------------------------

.n2 1
mac: /bin/macro can't exec
mac: /bin/linkr can't exec
mac: can't exec output of linkr
mac: .sdump can't exec
.sp 2
.n2 1
mac can't find the macro assembler. who stole it? call a guru.
mac can't find the linkr. who stole it? call a guru.
mac wants to run your job but the linkr output does not. call a guru.
mac can't even get a dump of the failure. call a guru.
.n2 0

PURGE -------------------------

.n2 1
Purge: Not allowed
purge: usage: purge Q [-] [[-n] job] ...
purge: queue must be [acflmps]
purge: can't access directory
purge: can't open ckp file
purge: can't read ckp file
purge: queue empty
.sp 2
.n2 1
Can't use command from terminal other than one from which batch was started from.
how to use it.
incorrect queue type given.
batch directory unattainable.  call a guru.
checkpoint file unobtainable.  call a guru.
checkpoint file unreadable.  call a guru.
you can't purge a queue if it's already empty ???
.n2 0

QLOOK -------------------------

.n2 1
qlook: file open error
.sp 2
.n2 1
qlook can't open the checkpoint file.  call a guru.
.n2 0

SPL ---------------------------

.n2 1
spl: file create error
spl: format error ?
spl: job xxxxxxx/zzz requeued to alternate print queue
Spl: Job xxxxxxx/zzz returned as '$cccccc'
Spl: job xxxxxxx/zzz cannot be returned; will print instead
.sp 2
.n2 1
spl can't open a file to spool into. call a guru.
spl can't understand the sequence of data from the cyber.
a job appeared which exceeded the "enrl" limit and got sent back.
just an informative message about a job submitted with the '-' flag.
spl can't return a job someone wanted to intercept.  it will be printed instead.  call a guru.
.n2 0

STATUS ------------------------

.n2 1
status: ckp open error
status: ckp read error
.sp 2
.n2 1
checkpoint file unopenable.  call a guru.
checkpoint file unreadable.  call a guru.
.n2 0

STOP --------------------------

.n2 1
Stop: Not allowed
stop: batch not active
.sp 2
.n2 1
Can't use command from terminal other than one from which batch was started from.
obvious.
.n2 0

SUBMIT ------------------------

.n2 1
submit: illegal job card
submit: usage: submit [-] file
submit: unknown batch function
submit: file create error
submit: can't access batch directory
submit: checkpoint file open error
submit: too many lines in job
submit: batch not active
submit: not allowed
submit: lines exceed 80 characters
submit: xxxxxx: file not found
submit: xxxxxxx: empty file
.sp 2
.n2 1
submit checks jobcards. this one is rs.
submit even tells you how to use it.
submit did not recognise the batch function requested.  mis-spelling ?
submit could not get a work file.  call a guru.
submit could not "chdir" to batch directory.  call a guru.
checkpoint file unopenable.  call a guru.
there is a limit on the number of lines in a cyber submit job (ensl command).
batch must be active before submit will work.
the powers that be have disabled the submit command.  complain to them.
one or more of the lines is > 80 characters.  the line numbers are given.
submit could not find the given file.
the file given had nothing in it ???
.n2 0

A -----------------------------

.n2 1
a: Not allowed
a: local running
a: can't open ckp file
a: batch not active
a: message too long
a: arg count
a: last command not yet sent - retrying in five seconds
.sp 2
.n2 1
Can't use command from terminal other than one from which batch was started from.
you can't talk to cyber if "local" is running !!!
the checkpoint file is not around ?  call a guru.
batch must be active to talk to cyber !!!
commands are limited to a total of 20 characters, including delimiters.
certain commands expect a certain number of args.
if this keeps appearing, call a guru.
.n2 0

B -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

C -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

D -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

E -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

F -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

G -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

I -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

L -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

M -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

N -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

O ---------------------------

		as for the a command !!

P ---------------------------

		as for the a command !!

Q ---------------------------

		as for the a command !!

R -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

S -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

U -----------------------------

		as for the a command !!

TEXT1 -------------------------

.n2 1
encoded-file: unlink: error
checkpoint: seek/write error
batch hung on 'qput' - kill processes directly; don't use 'stop'
batch hung on 'qget' - kill processes directly; don't use 'stop'
.sp 2
.n2 1
the unlink routine used by all processes can't. call a guru.
the checkpoint routine used by all processes is in error. call a guru.
batch has its knickers in a knot.  if you can't understand the message, call a guru.
ditto.
.n2 0
.ni 0
.ds
.fi


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Appendix F

.ti 30
FILES AND DIRECTORIES

Not yet revised, and also classified.

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Appendix G

.ti 30
THE GURUs

.in 0
.ti 3
catastrophe !!!
your irresistable will has struck an unsolvable
problem.
you need a guru to minister to your monster.
.ti 3
a guru is a person skilled in the internal workings of UNIX,
preferably having had something to do with writing
the Batch System software.
the list of gurus is growing steadily as more people use UNIX.
the present guru list including names, uni addresses and
extension phone numbers appears below.
do not be afraid to contact a guru, after all he probably
didnt know what to do when it happened to him for the first
time.

ELEC. ENG. BLDG.

DEPT of COMMPUTING SCIENCE:

	guru			room			phone

	ian hayes		335			3237, 2790
	peter ivanov		350			2825, 2790
	john lions		349			2805
	keith titmuss		347			2825, 2790


Computing Services Unit

	guru			room			phone

	dave horsfall		1408 library		3590
	chris doney		1408 library		3832
	colin webb		1408 library		3590


SCIENCES BLDG.

MATHS

	guru			room			phone



MOVERN BROWN BLDG.

COMMERCE

	guru			room			phone



LIBRARY STACK BLDG.

LIBRARY

	guru			room			phone


MECH. ENG. BLDG.

MECH. ENG.

	guru			room			phone




